Description of compiler flags for Intel C++ Compiler 9.1
--------------------------------------------------------
-O1    optimize for speed, but disable some optimizations which increase 
       code size for a small speed benefit. Includes inline expansion 
       except for intrinsic functions, global optimizations, string 
       pooling optimizations.  

-O2    This is the default level of optimization.  
       Optimizes for speed. The -O2 option includes O1 optimizations 
       and in addition enables inlining of intrinsics and more speed 
       optimizations.


-O3:   Builds on -01 and -02 optimizations by enabling high-level 
       optimization. This level does not guarantee higher performance 
       unless loop and memory access transformation take place. In 
       conjunction with -QaxK/-QxK and QaxW/QxW, this switch causes the 
       compiler to perform more aggressive data dependency analysis than 
       for -O2. This may result in longer compilation times. 

-Oa[-] assume [do not assume] no aliasing in program

-Qax<codes> generate code specialized for processors specified by <codes>
            while also generating generic IA-32 code.  <codes> includes
            one or more of the following characters:
    K  Intel Pentium III and compatible Intel processors
    W  Intel Pentium 4 and compatible Intel processors
    N  Intel Pentium 4 and compatible Intel processors.  Enables new
       optimizations in addition to Intel processor-specific optimizations
    P  Intel Pentium 4 processors and compatible Intel processors with 
       Streaming SIMD Extensions 3
    B  Intel Pentium M and compatible Intel processors
    
-Qx<codes>  generate specialized code to run exclusively on processors
            supporting the extensions indicated by <codes> as 
            described above.

/arch:{SSE|SSE2}
     same as -QxK and -QxW respectively

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Additional Notes on -QxN and -QxP:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-Qx{N|P}   The -QxN and -QxP options target your program to run on Intel Pentium 4 
           and compatible Intel processors.  The resulting code might 
           contain unconditional use of features that are not supported 
           on other processors.  Programs, where the function main() is 
           compiled with this option, will detect non compatible processors 
           and generate an error message during execution.  This option 
           also enables new optimizations in addition to Intel processor 
           specific optimizations.

           These options also enable advanced data layout and code restructuring
           optimizations to improve memory accesses for Intel processors.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-Ob{0|1|2}	Controls the compiler's inline expansion.
		0:  disable inlining.
            1:  inline functions declared with __inline, and perform C++ inlining
            2:  inline any function, at the compiler's discretion (same as -Qip)

-Qip        enable single-file IP optimizations 
           (within files, same as -Ob2)

-Qipo       multi-file ip optimizations that includes:
              - inline function expansion
              - interprocedural constant propogation
              - dead code elimination
              - propagation of function characteristics
              - passing arguments in registers
              - loop-invariant code motion

-fast       The -fast option enhances execution speed across the entire program 
            by including the following options that can improve run-time performance:

               -O3   (maximum speed and high-level optimizations) 
               -Qipo (enables interprocedural optimizations across files) 
               -QxP  (generate code specialized for Intel Pentium 4 processor 
                     and compatible Intel processors with Streaming SIMD Extensions 3)
               -Qprec-div- (disable -Qprec-div)
                           where -Qprec-div improves precision of FP divides 
                           (some speed impact)

                 To override one of the options set by /fast, specify that option after the 
                 -fast option on the command line. The options set by /fast may change from 
                 release to release.

-Qansi_alias[-]  enable/disable use of ANSI aliasing rules in
                 optimizations; user asserts that the program adheres to
                 these rules.  The default for C++ is -Qansi_alias-
                 which is that aliasing rules are not assumed.  The default for
                 the Fortran compiler is -Qansi_alias as described in the 
                 next section.    For C++, the -Qansi_alias
                 flag will enable optimizations that would otherwise be
                 prevented by potential aliasing.

-Qprof_gen       instrument program for profiling for the first phase of 
                 two-phase profile guided otimization

-Qprof_use       Instructs the compiler to produce a profile-optimized 
                 executable and merges available dynamic information (.dyn) 
                 files into a pgopti.dpi file. If you perform multiple 
                 executions of the instrumented program, -Qprof_use merges 
                 the dynamic information files again and overwrites the 
                 previous pgopti.dpi file.
                 Without any other options, the current directory is 
                 searched for .dyn files

-Qrcd           The Intel compiler uses the -Qrcd option to improve the
                performance of code that requires floating-point-to-integer                        
                conversions. 

                The system default floating point rounding mode is
                round-to-nearest. This means that values are rounded during 
                floating point calculations. However, the C language requires 
                floating point values to be truncated when a conversion to an                      
                integer is involved. To do this, the compiler must change the 
                rounding mode to truncation before each floating 
                point-to-integer conversion and change it back afterwards.

                The -Qrcd option disables the change to truncation of the 
                rounding mode for all floating point calculations, including                       
                floating point-to-integer conversions. Turning on this option 
                can improve performance, but floating point conversions to 
                integer will not conform to C semantics.

-Qunroll[n]     Specifies the maximum number of times to unroll a loop. Omit n to 
                let the compiler decide whether to perform unrolling or not. Use
                n = 0 to disable unroller. 
                If n is not specified, the compiler automatically chooses the maximum 
                number of times to unroll a loop.

-Qcxx_features  Enables both -GX and -GR as described below so C++ Runtime Type 
                Information and Exception Handling are both enabled

-GX             Enables the full C++ Exception Handling unwind semantics. 

-GR             Enables C++ Runtime Type Information (RTTI). 

-Zp{1|2|4|8|16} Specifies the strictest alignment constraint for structure and union 
                types as one of the following: 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 (default) bytes.

-Qprefetch[-]   Enables [disables] the insertion of software prefetching by the compiler. 
                Default is -Qprefetch. 

shlW32M2.lib:   MicroQuill SmartHeap Library 7.0 available from 
                http://www.microquill.com/


Description of compiler flags for Intel FORTRAN Compiler 9.1
-------------------------------------------------------------
-O1    optimize for speed, but disable some optimizations which increase 
       code size for a small speed benefit. Includes inline expansion 
       except for intrinsic functions, global optimizations, string 
       pooling optimizations.  

-O2    This is the default level of optimization.  
       Optimizes for speed. The -O2 option includes O1 optimizations 
       and in addition enables inlining of intrinsics and more speed 
       optimizations.

-O3:   Builds on -01 and -02 optimizations by enabling high-level 
       optimization. This level does not guarantee higher performance 
       unless loop and memory access transformation take place. In 
       conjunction with -QaxK/-QxK and QaxW/QxW, this switch causes the 
       compiler to perform more aggressive data dependency analysis than 
       for -O2. This may result in longer compilation times. 


-Qax<codes> generate code specialized for processors specified by <codes>
            while also generating generic IA-32 code.  <codes> includes
            one or more of the following characters:
    K  Intel Pentium III and compatible Intel processors
    W  Intel Pentium 4 and compatible Intel processors
    N  Intel Pentium 4 and compatible Intel processors.  Enables new
       optimizations in addition to Intel processor-specific optimizations
    P  Intel Pentium 4 processors and compatible Intel processors with Streaming SIMD Extensions 3
    B  Intel Pentium M and compatible Intel processors
    
-Qx<codes>  generate specialized code to run exclusively on processors
            supporting the extensions indicated by <codes> as 
            described above.

/arch:{SSE|SSE2}
     same as -QxK and -QxW respectively

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Additional Notes on -QxN and -QxP:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-Qx{N|P}   The -QxN and -QxP options target your program to run on Intel Pentium 4 
           and compatible Intel processors.  The resulting code might 
           contain unconditional use of features that are not supported 
           on other processors.  Programs, where the function main() is 
           compiled with this option, will detect non compatible processors 
           and generate an error message during execution.  This option 
           also enables new optimizations in addition to Intel processor 
           specific optimizations.

           These options also enable advanced data layout and code restructuring
	     optimizations to improve memory accesses for Intel processors.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-Qip        enable single-file IP optimizations (within files, same as -Ob2)

-Qipo       multi-file ip optimizations that includes:
              - inline function expansion
              - interprocedural constant propogation
              - dead code elimination
              - propagation of function characteristics
              - passing arguments in registers
              - loop-invariant code motion

-fast            The -fast option enhances execution speed across the entire program 
                 by including the following options that can improve run-time performance:

                 -O3   (maximum speed and high-level optimizations) 
                 -Qipo (enables interprocedural optimizations across files) 
                 -QxP (generate code specialized for Intel Pentium 4 processor 
                       and compatible Intel processors with Streaming SIMD Extensions 3)
                 -Qprec-div- (disable -Qprec-div)
                 where -Qprec-div improves precision of FP divides (some speed impact)

                 To override one of the options set by /fast, specify that option after the 
                 /fast option on the command line. The options set by /fast may change from 
                 release to release.

-Qansi_alias     Enables (default) or disables the compiler to assume that the program 
                 adheres to the ANSI Fortran type aliasability rules. For example, an object 
                 of type real cannot be accessed as an integer. You should see the ANSI 
                 standard for the complete set of rules.  The default for this flag
                 is the reverse in C++, as noted in the previous section.

-Qprof_gen       instrument program for profiling for the first phase of 
                 two-phase profile guided otimization

-Qprof_use       Instructs the compiler to produce a profile-optimized 
                 executable and merges available dynamic information (.dyn) 
                 files into a pgopti.dpi file. If you perform multiple 
                 executions of the instrumented program, -Qprof_use merges 
                 the dynamic information files again and overwrites the 
                 previous pgopti.dpi file.
                 Without any other options, the current directory is 
                 searched for .dyn files

-Qrcd            Enables fast float-to-int conversion.

-Qscalar_rep(-)  Enables(disables) scalar replacement performed during loop 
                 transformations (requires /O3).  Such replacement is disabled by
                 default.

-Qauto           Causes all variables to be allocated on the stack, rather than 
                 in local static storage. Does not affect variables that appear in an 
                 EQUIVALENCE or SAVE statement, or those that are in COMMON. Makes all 
                 local variables AUTOMATIC, same as /4Ya.

-Qunroll[n]     Specifies the maximum number of times to unroll a loop. Omit n to 
                let the compiler decide whether to perform unrolling or not. Use
                n = 0 to disable unroller. 
                If n is not specified, the compiler automatically chooses the maximum 
                number of times to unroll a loop.

-Qprefetch[-]   Enables [disables] the insertion of software prefetching by the compiler. 
                Default is -Qprefetch. 


Other Notes: 
------------
"/" and "-" are both allowable starting tokens for flags passed to the 
compiler i.e. -QxK and /QxK are identical switches. 

Additional Libraries Used: 
--------------------------

Supplied by MicroQuill:

shlW32M2.lib:    MicroQuill SmartHeap Library 7.0 available from 
                 http://www.microquill.com/

Portability options for CPU2000:
--------------------------------
176.gcc:     
         -Dalloca=_alloca : so as to use the built-in optimized alloca
         -Fn              : 176.gcc uses alloca and this options tells
                            the linker to pre-allocate n bytes of stack. 
                            The default amount of stack allocated is not 
                            enough and  176.gcc crashes with a run-time 
                            error

178.galgel: 
   -FI                    : Fixed-format F90 source code. 
   -F32000000             : Same as with 176.gcc, pre-allocates a 32MB 
                            stack

186.crafty: 
   -DNT_i386              : Specifies that it is a Windows NT Intel 
                            processor-based system which makes the compiler 
                            use "long long" as the 64-bit variable that 
                            186.crafty needs.        

253.perlbmk: 
   -DSPEC_CPU2000_NTOS    : This enables some of the code changes necessary 
                            for compilation on Windows, get included 
   -DPERLDLL              : On Windows, we need a perl.exe instead of a 
                            perl.exe and perl.dll. This pre-define ensures 
                            that the changes necessary to get a single, 
                            UNIX-style executible without getting the 
                            indirect calls that can cause a 10% performance 
                            degradation. This allows the Windows-based 
                            executible to be as close as possible to 
                            the Unix-based one. 
   -MT                    : Use the static multi-threaded library else 
                            it will not compile.

254.gap:
   -DSYS_HAS_CALLOC_PROTO :  
   -DSYS_HAS_MALLOC_PROTO : These two pre-defines tell of the existence 
                            of malloc and calloc prototypes.